In a tragic and unusual case from the UK, June Baxter, an elderly woman from Attleborough, Norfolk, died of sepsis after her granddaughter’s dog licked a wound on her leg. The 6 July death has prompted fresh concern and public awareness about a little-known but potentially deadly bacterial infection: Pasteurella multocida.
According to medical reports and testimony at the Norfolk Coroner's Court, the 61-year-old woman had sustained a minor injury on 29 June while sitting on a commode in her home. The wound, while not initially life-threatening, became the entry point for a bacterial infection when the household dog licked the injured area, unknowingly transferring Pasteurella multocida, a bacterium commonly found in the mouths of cats and dogs.
Despite home care, her health began to deteriorate rapidly. June was rushed to Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital later the same day after reporting general weakness and feeling unwell. Though the wound had been dressed, doctors diagnosed the fast-moving infection, which had already begun progressing to sepsis, a life-threatening condition caused by the body’s extreme response to infection.
Despite receiving urgent medical intervention, June Baxter died on 7 July, just over a week after the initial wound. The court also heard that she had underlying medical issues, including kidney, liver, and heart conditions, which significantly impacted her ability to fight off the infection and recover.
The bacterium responsible for June's death, Pasteurella multocida is often present in the mouths of domestic pets, especially cats and dogs. While it's mostly harmless to animals, it can cause serious illness in humans, particularly those with open wounds or compromised immune systems.
According to the National Institutes of Health (NIH):
"Pasteurella multocida is the most common cause of infection following a bite or scratch from domestic pets."
Infections typically present as soft tissue infections and can develop within 3 to 48 hours of exposure. Symptoms may include:
- Swelling and redness near the injury site
- Fever and chills
- Rapid heart rate (tachycardia)
- Low blood pressure (hypotension)
- In severe cases: septic arthritis, respiratory infections, or full-body sepsis
Fortunately, most Pasteurella infections are highly responsive to penicillin and other antibiotics, making early detection and treatment crucial. However, individuals with pre-existing health conditions, like in June Baxter’s case are at far greater risk of complications.
The tragic death of June Baxter is a sobering reminder that even seemingly minor injuries can lead to severe consequences, particularly when pets are involved and when an individual has existing health vulnerabilities.
Medical experts recommend that any person bitten or scratched by an animal or whose open wound comes in contact with animal saliva, should seek immediate medical attention. This includes:
- Thorough cleaning of the wound
- A full medical evaluation, including a possible X-ray
- A detailed history of animal exposure
- Preventive antibiotics when warranted
Furthermore, elderly individuals and people with chronic illnesses should be especially cautious, even around familiar domestic pets.
This case has highlighted the hidden health risks associated with pet interactions, especially for people who are elderly, immunocompromised, or have chronic illnesses.
The coroner emphasized the importance of public education and preventive care, noting that many similar infections may go undetected until it’s too late.
As more people continue to live with pets for companionship and support, public health messaging around animal exposure and wound care becomes increasingly essential.
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